Fiber Types

Fiber Types

There are two type of fibers

1. Multimode Fiber
2. Monomode Fiber   

Multimode Fiber

 

                         Core:50μm                                    

Cladding:125μm   

 

                                                                           50/125μm

                                                                    Core:62.5μm
                                                                    Cladding:125μm

                                                                         62.5/125μm 

Multimode fiber has two types 

1.  Step Index
2. Graded Index

Graded Index
                       
                          In this type of fiber,there is no step change of refractive index between core and the cladding.The core has a refractive index that gradually decreases  from the center to out words  to outer surface of fiber.

                                                                                           
                            The rays close to the center are slowed down because they travel smaller distance.The rays traveling away from the axis are speed up using law refractive index than the center.There for they can catched up.Now all the rays will arrive at nearly same times at  the Rx end.There for law dispersion-end  high band width is achieved.Graded index just help to all the rays with entered to fiber with any angle through acceptance cone.


  Mono-mode Fiber
                  To minimize dispersion we can reduce core diameter to very small valuves such as 5-10 μm 

                         How ever cast of mono-mode fiber high due to manufacturing difficulties.For a multimode fiber 'NA' is between 0.2-0.3.But in a mono-mode fiber 'NA' is approximately 0.1 there for NA help us to identify the capability of the fiber.When the 'NA' is low the fiber is capable of transmitting higher bit rates.